Subsections

• Construction of Submodules
• Construction of Quotient Modules

Submodules may be defined for any type of module. However, functions that depend upon membership testing are only implemented for modules over Euclidean Domains (EDs). The conventions defining the presentations of submodules are as follows:

• If M has been created using the function RSpace, then every submodule of M is given in terms of a generating set consisting of elements of M, i.e. by means of an embedded generating set.

• If M has been created using the function RModule, then every submodule of M is given in terms of a reduced basis.

sub<M | L> : ModMat, List -> ModMat

Given an R-module M, construct the submodule N generated by the elements of M specified by the list L. Each term L_i of the list L must be an expression defining an object of one of the following types:

• A sequence of n elements of R defining an element of M;
• A set or sequence whose terms are elements of M;
• A submodule of M;
• A set or sequence whose terms are submodules of M.

The generators stored for N consist of the elements specified by terms L_i together with the stored generators for submodules specified by terms of L_i. Repetitions of an element and occurrences of the zero element are removed (unless N is trivial).

The constructor returns the submodule N and the inclusion homomorphism f : N -> M.

> P := PolynomialRing(GF(5));                     
> R<x> := FieldOfFractions(P);
> M := RSpace(R, 4);
> N := sub< M | [1, x, 1-x, 0], [1+2*x-x^2, 2*x, 0, 1-x^4 ] >;
> N;
Vector space of degree 4, dimension 2 over Field of Fractions in x over 
Univariate Polynomial Algebra over GF(5)
Generators:
(1    x    4*x + 1    0)
(4*x^2 + 2*x + 1    2*x    0    4*x^4 + 1)
Echelonized basis:
(1  0  3/(x + 4)  (x^3 + x^2 + x + 1) / (x + 4))
(0  1  (4*x^2 + 2*x + 1) / (x^2 + 4*x)  (4*x^3 + 4*x^2 + 4*x + 4) / (x^2 + 4*x))

quo<M | L> : ModMat, List -> ModMat

Given an R-module M, construct the quotient module P = M/N, where N is the submodule generated by the elements of M specified by the list L. Each term L_i of the list L must be an expression defining an object of one of the following types:

• A sequence of n elements of R defining an element of M;

• A set or sequence whose terms are elements of M;

• A submodule of M;

• A set or sequence whose terms are submodules of M.

The generators constructed for N consist of the elements specified by terms L_i together with the stored generators for submodules specified by terms of L_i.

The constructor returns the quotient module P and the natural homomorphism f : M -> P.

M / N : ModMat, ModMat -> ModMat

Given a submodule N of the R-module M, construct the quotient module of M by N. If r is defined to be Rank(M) - Rank(N), then L is created as a rank r module on the standard basis.